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Mir-16 microRNA precursor family : ウィキペディア英語版 | Mir-16 microRNA precursor family
The miR-16 microRNA precursor family is a group of related small non-coding RNA genes that regulates gene expression. miR-16, miR-15, mir-195 and miR-457 are related microRNA precursor sequences from the mir-15 gene family (()). This microRNA family appears to be vertebrate specific and its members have been predicted or experimentally validated in a wide range of vertebrate species ((MIPF0000006 )). ==Background== The human ''miR-16'' precursor was discovered through detailed expression profile and Karyotype analyses of patients by Calin and colleagues. Karyotyping of chromosome structures from individuals with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemias (B-CLL) found that more than half have alterations in the 13q14 region.〔 Deletions of this well characterised 1 megabase region of the genome was also observed in approximately 50% of mantle cell lymphoma, up to 40% of multiple myeloma, and 60% of prostate cancers. Comprehensive screenings of the region at the time did not provide consistent evidence of involvement from any of the known genes at the time.〔〔 Using CD5+ B-lymphocytes, which is known to accumulate with B-CLL progression, the minimal region lost from 13q14 region was scrutinised for regulatory elements.〔 Publicly available sequence databases were used to identify a gene cluster which encodes the homologue to the human ''miR15'' and ''miR16'' from the ''Caenorhabditis elegans''.
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